Deal-maker tutorials

Learn the deal object before you model the deal.

A tutorial template for practical deal structures: project agreements, bond issuance, credit facilities, and amortising loans. Each tutorial starts with the commercial object, then maps its parties, dates, rights, triggers, and failure paths into signed YieldFabric primitives.

Tutorial anatomy
Principle → Model → Execution
1
Agreement

The natural-language frame: recitals, commercial intent, definitions, and governing terms.

2
Plan hash

The canonical object parties sign. The rendered agreement and executable actions point at the same hash.

3
Primitives

Obligations, swaps, escrows, payments, workflows, gates, and periodic phases.

4
Events

Proposed, signed, activated, paid, released, defaulted, cured, redeemed, completed.

Tutorial library

The first pass is structure. Drop the material into these rails.

Primitive map

Read the deal before you choose the primitive.

Contracts

Deal-maker sees: A promise to pay, redeem, deliver, or perform.

YF represents: One instrument with one or more payment streams, schedules, locks, and conditions.

Swaps

Deal-maker sees: Two sides exchanging value without settlement gap.

YF represents: Atomic exchange: both legs settle together or the transaction fails.

Repos

Deal-maker sees: Secured funding with collateral and a repurchase window.

YF represents: A contingent position: repurchase cash before expiry, or collateral after forfeiture.

Payments

Deal-maker sees: Cash today, credit tomorrow, scheduled or conditional value movement.

YF represents: Immediate cash or tracked credit obligations with unlock dates and event gates.

Distributions

Deal-maker sees: Many recipients sharing coupon, dividend, waterfall, royalty, or fee flows.

YF represents: One-to-many payments with independently claimable recipient shares.

Intelligent accounts

Deal-maker sees: Segregated funds, role-based authority, and policy-controlled drawdowns.

YF represents: Accounts governed by signatures, delegation, and configured policy/oracle checks.

Structuring rules

The principles every tutorial will reuse.

1
Cash vs credit

Cash is immediate and unconditional. Credit is a future obligation with an obligor and an outstanding balance.

2
Two clocks

Acceptance windows are separate from payment unlock dates. A contract can be signed before anything is payable.

3
Atomic by design

Contracts create related streams together. Swaps settle both sides together. Failed legs do not leak partial state.

4
Collateral follows holder

Repo repurchase cash and forfeited collateral route to the current holder of the position, not the original lender.

Every tutorial will answer

Principle

What kind of economic promise is this? What is the object trying to preserve, transfer, lock, or release?

Parties

Who can commit, who can receive value, who approves state changes, and who needs visibility into the audit trail?

Terms

Amounts, dates, covenants, milestones, conditions, cure periods, and the exact signatures required at each boundary.

YF model

How the agreement becomes a DealPlan, which obligations and swaps exist, which workflow gates run, and what settles on-chain.

Template section

Representing a deal in YF

DealPlan

The canonical plan: parties, action DAG, periodic phases, agreement metadata, and hash.

Escrow / lock

An obligation or swap leg that holds value until an acceptance, date, or approval gate fires.

Workflow gate

A human or agent step: approve milestone, verify covenant, sign release, cure default.

Execution event

Payment, swap, obligation creation, collateral movement, coupon, redemption, or completion.

01 · project agreements

Project agreements with escrow and milestone payments

How to think about a project as a sequence of commitments: buyer funds escrow, supplier performs work, acceptance gates release milestone payments, dispute paths hold or redirect value.

Add material
sourceEscrows + progress payments
01
Fund

Buyer deposits the project amount, or a first tranche, into an escrowed account or locked payment structure.

02
Verify

Delivery, inspection, certification, or acceptance evidence becomes the milestone gate.

03
Release

Approved milestones release staged payments; failed gates hold, refund, or route value into dispute.

Deal-maker questions
Who controls release: buyer, verifier, agent, oracle, or joint signature?
Can partial completion release partial value?
What happens to funded escrow if acceptance never arrives?
Commercial intuition

A project agreement is not one invoice. It is a funded promise with staged release conditions and a failure path.

YF representation

Intelligent account escrow or locked payment stream, milestone workflow gates, acceptance signatures, and release payments.

Source material

Escrow policies, oracle or human verification, progress-payment streams, partial completion, and refund mechanics.

02 · bond issuance

Bond issuance

How to represent issuer obligations, investor consideration, coupon dates, redemption, transferability, and proof of holding.

Add material
sourceBonds + multi-stream contracts
01
Issue

Investor pays principal consideration through an issuance swap; issuer delivers the signed bond obligation.

02
Service

Coupon streams unlock quarterly, semi-annually, or on another agreed schedule.

03
Redeem

Principal redemption unlocks at maturity; optional call, put, or collateral branches can be added.

Deal-maker questions
Is the instrument fixed-rate, zero-coupon, floating-rate, callable, or puttable?
Are coupons paid directly to one holder or distributed across many noteholders?
Does the bond need collateral enhancement through a repo structure?
Commercial intuition

A bond is a schedule of issuer promises: investor consideration now, coupons over time, principal at maturity.

YF representation

A multi-stream contract for coupon and redemption obligations, issued through an atomic swap and optionally paid via distributions.

Source material

Coupon rate, notional, payment frequency, maturity, transfer rules, covenants, defaults, early redemption, collateralization.

03 · credit facilities

Credit facilities

How to model a reusable credit line: commitment amount, draw requests, conditions precedent, borrowing base tests, covenants, repayments.

Add material
sourceTokenized credit facilities + intelligent accounts
01
Commit

Facility terms define the limit, availability period, permitted use, margin, fees, and covenant package.

02
Draw

Borrower submits a drawdown intent; policy checks purpose, availability, documents, and approvals.

03
Track

Drawn amounts become repayment obligations and update utilisation and outstanding credit state.

Deal-maker questions
Is this a funded account, an unfunded commitment, or both?
What policy decides whether a draw request is valid?
Which covenants stop new draws, accelerate repayment, or trigger default?
Commercial intuition

A facility is capacity plus rules. The borrower can draw only when availability, purpose, and covenant conditions hold.

YF representation

Intelligent account policy plus drawdown intents, covenant gates, payment obligations, and utilisation state.

Source material

Transferable facility token, equipment or project-use restriction, document verification, balance update, fees, and security package.

04 · amortising loans

Amortising loans

How to represent principal reduction over time: repayment schedule, interest calculation, arrears, prepayment, default and cure.

Add material
sourceLoans + scheduled repayment streams
01
Originate

Lender advances principal; borrower signs scheduled principal and interest obligations.

02
Amortise

Each period reduces principal and calculates interest against the outstanding balance.

03
Exception

Missed payment creates arrears, cure logic, acceleration, or collateral enforcement.

Deal-maker questions
Is the loan amortising, interest-only, balloon, or a hybrid?
How are interest, day count, fees, prepayments, and arrears calculated?
Does collateral secure repayment, and what happens on default?
Commercial intuition

An amortising loan is a repayment ladder: principal declines over time while interest follows the remaining balance.

YF representation

A contract with principal and interest streams, periodic payment obligations, outstanding balance tracking, and exception branches.

Source material

Principal schedule, interest rule, payment frequency, collateralized-loan option, prepayment, cure, acceleration, and default.

Advanced structuring patterns

The next tutorials can grow out of these patterns.

These are not separate products. They are ways to compose the same primitives when the deal needs leverage, priority, transfer, or conditionality.
1

Self-referential construction

Build and accept the structure with yourself first, then transfer it atomically to the real counterparty.

2

Multi-stream contracts

Put coupons, principal, fees, milestone releases, or amortisation legs into one signed instrument.

3

Conditional payment structures

Use human, agent, oracle, or date gates to keep payments locked until the agreed condition is true.

4

Repo rolling

Move collateral into a new repo with new terms without manual repurchase and recreation.

5

Tranching and waterfalls

Separate senior, mezzanine, and equity claims by priority, risk, and distribution path.

6

Collateral chains

A repo lender position can itself become collateral, with forfeit-forward and repurchase-cash cascade semantics.

editorial note

This is the reusable teaching frame.

The first source pass now pulls from the financial structuring guide. Next, each tutorial can take real deal material: diagrams, example terms, a sample agreement projection, and a compact DealPlan sketch. The code still comes after the commercial object is understood.